Review on Intel Atom D510MO

New:
Found Intel Rapid Storage Controller Driver for NM10 Chipset.

Intel just release a new 5XX series firmware update for this board.

However if you are using the 3XX series firmware you need to update to the 4XX series firmware as a transitional firmware update before you can update to the latest firmware otherwise update will fail. You might like to read this before upgrading though.

Go to http://downloadcenter.intel.com/ and select Desktop Boards -> Intel NM10 Family Chipset -> D510MO.

Be sure to check out readme and read which executable is suitable for you.

Intel just updated their Rapid Storage Driver for Atom Systems it is still "NOT AVAILABLE" for D510MO but the driver which is release for the new generation Atom will work on D510MO
(Links below)


You can get the rest of the drivers from Intel Download Centre.

Recently I switch over the desktop system to an Intel Atom D510 on NM10 Chipset.

The reason was simple, the use of this system is mainly Word, PowerPoint, Internet Browsing, file Server as well as printer server so why not switch over to a energy efficient platform and save on electricity bills.

The Atom is touted to have a TDP of 13 watts, it is a dual core Processor running at 1.66GHZ with Hyperthreading enable on both Cores resulting in a total of 4 logical cores.
In comparison mainstream Intel/AMD Mobile Processors have a typical TDP of 25-35 Watts and Desktop Processors 90-130 Watt depending on processor specification.

I bought a Intel OEM version as it is the cheapest and is the reference board design.

I will not do gaming benchmarks because it is not meant for gaming at all.
Instead I will just comment on what you can expect from this simple system.

So I shall comment on the pros and cons.

Pros:
1) The Chip is embedded in the board so you actually pay for a motherboard and a cpu for the price of a low end cpu quite a bargain.

2) Good responsiveness for general computing tasks.

3) Passive heatsink, there are no fans on the board so it is quiet and the heatsink is capable of dissipating heat generated by the processor but case fan must be present for proper case ventilation.

One observation I made while stress testing the cpu is that it never seems to be fully taxed so it always maintains a good responsiveness, this minimise lagging issues over the weak cpu.

4)Supports Wireless there is a PCI-E express slot for Laptop Wireless Cards (**Antenna & Card sold separately)

5)Decent Realtek High Definition Audio

6)It uses Intel EFI instead of BIOS (There is a way to OEM SLIC it if you know what I mean..)

7)Small i-ATX form factor it can fit into i-ATX, m-ATX and ATX and can take any compatible ATX power Supply.

8)SSD supported.

9)Booting the system is very fast, the Intel EFI Firmware got the system up and running very quickly.
I believe this is due to Intel Boot Optimized EFI Firmware as compared to EFI by other companies like Insyde, AMI and Phoenix.

10)You can self modify the firmware by using Intel Integrator Assistant

Now for the cons.

1)2 SATA ports isn't enough IMO they should include 4. If you have 4 hard drives and is contemplating switching to an Intel Atom platform you can consider buying Atom Boards from OEMs like ASUS, MSI and Gigabyte as most will have more than 2 SATA Ports.

2)Normal Quality Capacitors, the Intel Reference board uses normal capacitors but offerings from other OEMs especially Gigabyte will include solid capacitors.

3)Maximium Flash Rendering up to 720p only on Youtube. At 1080p frame drops occur on Adobe Flash 10.1. I made sure I got the latest driver for Intel 3150 and it supposedly support HD Decoding but well you are still limited to 720p not the highest but good enough for me.

Edit:
Following Updated Flash Plugins and Latest Intel Graphics Driver for D510MO it is capable of rendering 1080p movies. The test is to run Big Buck Bunny 1080p definition and observing the processor utilization.
Older Flash Plugins and Drivers tend to saturate the it to 100% utilization while updates enabled it to render without hitting 100% utilization. There are very little observable frame drops.

If you desperately need HD Capabilites go for an OEM ION Offering instead.

4)Support only Single Channel DDR2 but it isn't suppose to be a performer so memory frequency shouldn't matter much.

5)Legacy I/O Ports like Parallel and Serial Ports are removed although there are pin outs available on the Mainboard you can plug them into.

In conclusion this is a good board for its intended purpose of cost and energy savings.

It will do well for most computing task except Flash Movies played in the  Highest Definition and PC gaming.

Some more details you don't find on the packaging:
1) ICH-7 AHCI SATA Controller (SouthBridge Controller).
2) Intel GMA 3150
3) Realtek RTL8165/8111 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Adapter
4) Realtek ALC662 High Definition Audio
5) Intel 82801 GBM ICH-7M

Drivers for the D510MO Storage Driver actually exist. You just need to find Netbooks using the NM10 Chipset and use their corresponding  32bit AHCI Driver or 64bit AHCI Driver.(Older Version because Acer stopped releasing Windows 7 Intel Atom Netbooks supporting 64bit).

Intel Rapid Storage Version 10 for 32/64bit AHCI Driver From Intel

(Both x64/x86 binaries can be found in the file):

http://downloadcenter.intel.com/Detail_Desc.aspx?agr=Y&ProdId=3382&DwnldID=20768&ProductFamily=Desktop+Boards&ProductLine=Intel%C2%AE+NM10+Chipset+Family+Boards&ProductProduct=Intel%C2%AE+Desktop+Board+DN2800MT&lang=eng

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Acer Aspire 4740G Review

There is 1 confirmed bug on the Acer Aspire 4740/4740G Insyde EFI Firmware.

Bug 1:
DEP is disabled due to firmware bug.

This will have potential security implications on this laptop.

Update: Acer has already fixed it with a firmware update.


Bug 2:
They didn't remap the memory properly resulting in not all 4GB fully utilised. By rights if they are not going to utilise Intel HD Graphics they should have allocated 0MB to the Intel Graphics DVMT(or let user decide by enabling the menu in EFI setup menu).

I got my hands on one of the newer Acer Laptop: Acer Aspire 4740G
This is a rather cheap laptop with rather good specifications.
I won't be posting any picture of this laptop as you can google how it looks yourself.
To me performance is a more vital information source.
The specifications are as follows:

Operating System	Genuine Windows® 7 Home Premium
Processor & Chipset	Intel® Core i3-330M processor (2.26 GHz, DDR3 1066 MHz, 3 MB L3 cache), supporting Intel® 64 architecture, Intel® Smart Cache Mobile Intel® HM55 Express Chipset
Memory	Up to 4 GB of DDR3 memory
Optical media drive	8X DVD-Super Multi double-layer drive
Storage	Up to 640GB hard disk drive Multi-in-1 card reader, supporting Secure Digital™ (SD), MultiMediaCard (MMC), Memory Stick® (MS), Memory Stick PRO™ (MS PRO), xD-Picture Card™ (xD)
Display	14" HD 1366 x 768 pixel resolution, Acer CineCrystal™ LED-backlit TFT LCD, supporting simultaneous multi-window viewing via Acer GridVista™ 16:9 aspect ratio 8 ms response time
Graphics	NVIDIA® GeForce® 310M with 512 MB of dedicated DDR3 VRAM, supporting NVIDIA® CUDA™, PhysX™, PureVideo® HD technology, OpenEXR High Dynamic-Range (HDR) technology, Shader Model 4.0, Microsoft® DirectX® 10.1 Dual independent display support 16.7 million colors MPEG-2/DVD decoding WMV9 (VC-1) and H.264 (AVC) decoding HDMI™ (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) with HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection) support
Audio	Dolby®-optimized surround sound system with two built-in stereo speakers Optimized 3rd Generation Dolby Home Theater®7 audio enhancement, featuring Dolby® Digital Live, Dolby® Pro Logic® IIx, Dolby® Headphone, Dolby® Natural Bass and Dolby® Sound Space Expander, Dolby® Audio Optimization, Dolby® High Frequency Enhancer technologies True5.1-channel surround sound output High-definition audio support S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) support for digital speakers MS-Sound compatible Acer PureZone technology with two built-in stereo microphones, featuring beam forming, echo cancellation, dynamic gain control (TBC), and noise suppression technologies
Communication	Acer Video Conference1, featuring: • Acer Crystal Eye webcam with 640 x 480 resolution • Acer PureZone technology Acer InviLink™ Nplify™3 802.11b/g/Draft-N Wi-Fi CERTIFIED® network connection, supporting Acer SignalUp™ wireless technology or Intel® Centrino® Advance-N 6200 a/g/n Wi-Fi CERTIFIED™ network connection with Acer Nplify™, supporting Acer SignalUp™ wireless technology, and featuring MIMO technology Bluetooth® 2.1+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) Gigabit Ethernet, Wake-on-LAN ready 56K ITU V.92 with PTT approval12, Wake-on-Ring ready
I/O Interfaces	Multi-in-1 card reader (SD™, MMC, MS, MS PRO, xD) HDMI™ port with HDCP support Three USB 2.0 ports External display (VGA) port Headphone/speaker/line-out jack with S/PDIF support Microphone-in jack Line-in jack Ethernet (RJ-45) port Modem (RJ-11) port DC-in jack for AC adapter
Security	Acer Bio-Protection fingerprint solution, featuring Windows® logon, computer protection, FingerLaunch, ProfileLaunch, MusicLaunch, Password Bank, MyLaunch, FingerNav BIOS user, supervisor, HDD passwords Kensington lock slot
Power supply and battery	ACPI 3.0 CPU power management standard: supports Standby and Hibernation power-saving modes 48.8 W 4400 mAh 6-cell Li-ion battery pack: • 3-hour battery life 3-pin 65 W AC adapter Energy Star®
Keyboard & Special Controls	86-/87-/91-key keyboard, with inverted "T" cursor layout Multi-gesture touchpad pointing device supporting: •Circular-motion scrolling •Pinch-action zoom •Page flip 10 function keys, four cursor keys, two Windows® keys, hotkey controls, independent standard numeric keypad, international language support, Easy-launch buttons: WLAN, Bluetooth®, programmable key, file backup, volume up, volume down, touchpad lock Media control keys (printed on keyboard): play/pause, stop, previous, next
Weight and dimensions	342 (W) x 239 (D) x 23/38.6 (H) mm (13.4 x 9.4 x 0.9/1.5 inches) 2.3 kg with 6-cell battery
Software	Acer Arcade™ Deluxe featuring Cinema, Album, Music, HomeMedia, Online Media Acer Bio-Protection Acer Crystal Eye Acer GridVista™ Acer GameZone Acer Game Console Acer Launch Manager Acer Backup Management Acer ePower Management Acer Recovery Management Adobe® Reader® Adobe Flash® Player Google Toolbar™ Google Desktop™ McAfee® Internet Security Suite Trial NTI Media Maker™ Microsoft® Works with Office Home and Student 2007 Trial Microsoft® Windows Live™ Essentials
Warranty	One-year International Travelers Warranty (ITW)

Here is a more detailed specification from probing the hardware with Everest:

CPU Properties:
			CPU Type	2x , 2133 MHz
			Instruction Set	x86, x86-64, MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2
			Original Clock	2133 MHz
			L2 Cache	256 KB (Asynchronous)
		Multi CPU (HyperThreading, Actual No. of Cores:2):
			CPU #1	Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU M 330 @ 2.13GHz, 2128 MHz
			CPU #2	Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU M 330 @ 2.13GHz, 2128 MHz
			CPU #3	Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU M 330 @ 2.13GHz, 2128 MHz
			CPU #4	Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU M 330 @ 2.13GHz, 2128 MHz

		Video Adapter Properties:
			Device Description	NVIDIA GeForce 310M
			Adapter String	GeForce 310M
			BIOS String	Version 70.18.3f.0.a
			Chip Type	GeForce 310M
			DAC Type	Integrated RAMDAC
			Driver Date	16/3/2010
			Driver Version	8.17.11.9716 - nVIDIA ForceWare 197.16
			Driver Provider	NVIDIA
			Memory Size	512 MB

Monitor Properties:
			Monitor Name	Generic PnP Monitor [NoDB]
			Monitor ID	AUO183C
			Manufacturer	B140XW01 V8
			Manufacture Date	Week 1 / 2009
			Serial Number	None
			Max. Visible Display Size	31 cm x 17 cm (13.9")
			Picture Aspect Ratio	17:9
			Gamma	2.20
			DPMS Mode Support	None

Harddisk Controller:
			Driver Description	Intel(R) 5 Series 4 Port SATA AHCI Controller
			Driver Date	3/3/2010
			Driver Version	9.6.0.1014
			Driver Provider	Intel
			INF File	oem8.inf

Windows Experience Index

Note: The harddisk is a upgraded WD BEKT 7200RPM 16MB Buffer Drive the default 5K500 Hitachi Drive doesn't give as much performance

3D Mark 06 Scores

CPU

The New Arrandale CPU i330 M330 (the lowest end)

The Throttling States is as follows:

Lowest Frequency: 1200MHZ Multiplier: x9.0  

(In between Multiplier changes from x9.0 to x16.0 depending on CPU Usage thus conserving power,
however sometimes it hits x7.0 Multiplier could be a bug,
QPI is fixed and no more Front Side Bus)

Maximium Frequency: 2100MHZ Multiplier: x16.0

It is Physically a Dual Core CPU with 2 Hyperthreading Cores so 4 Logical Cores in Total

Graphics SubSystem

Note: 

There maybe some errors regarding PhysX. Official Statement about PhysX is only 32 CUDA Cores GPUs are supported however G 310M only has 16 CUDA Cores. But I have tested AS4740G and it DOES support PhysX using the latest Nvidia 257.21 driver but I wouldn't count on the performance.
 

GPU is soldered to the board as VGA BIOS/Firmware cannot be read by GPUZ the normal way. Also Soldered GPUs can reduce the pricing of the laptop therefore this can explain the cheap price of Acer Aspire 4740G.
Below is a picture of the GPU and CPU
Note GPU is soldered onto the mainboard therefore NOT UPGRADEABLE.
CPU is a PGA Socket hence UPGRADEABLE.

Although the laptop has Intel HD Graphics onboard the CPU (see the 2 die above?), it is not activated or detected, you can pray that Acer will release a BIOS, no sorry EFI Firmware that will unlock Optimus or Switchable Graphics BUT from my past experience with Acer chances are as good as striking lottery...
New:

IRONLAKE-MOBILEd.0.Ä.C.0...................BIOS_DATA_BLOCK ˜...”.þê..d....1914Intel(R)Ironlake Mobile PCI Accelerated SVGA BIOS..Build Number: 1914 PC 14.34  10/15/2009  11:37:51..DECOMPILATION OR DISASSEMBLY PROHIBITED..............Co

I found the above VGA ROM (IRONLAKE is the Intel Code Name for Intel HD Graphics onboard the Intel Core iX CPU) data inside the BIOS dump which indicate Acer Aspire 4740G CAN ACTUALLY SUPPORT switchable except Acer disabled the ability in the EFI/BIOS.

Temperature Dissipation Test

This is a new Test I devised to measure how well the unit dissipate heat it can produce at maximium performance:

My opinion on this result is that this Acer Aspire 4740G handles heat pretty decently.
Considering that Acer uses Thermal pad on the GPU this is a very good result.
I estimate if the thermal pad is replaced by a Copper Shim temperature will fall by a good 10 degrees.
Only real Tests like the one I conducted can accurately determine if a particular model potentially has thermal issues, not old grandmother stories like how my Acer from 10 years ago overheat therefore all Acer overheat(This is a flawed argument by the way).
Anyway a computer that cannot dissipate the heat it produces is as good as a man who can't wipe his own backside (Acer Aspire 4530), so this laptop does pretty well.

Kombustor rate of temperature rise graph:

3 PowerMizer States are as shown below:

CUDA Capabilities as shown below:
It seems to indicates a decent CUDA Device.

Power Consumption Max Load Mode (Using JouleMeter from Microsoft Research)

 Power Consumption Idle Mode(JouleMeter from Microsoft Research)

So there you go all the information you need to consider this laptop for usage.

If you know how to reinstall an Operating System, always do a clean install for better performance.

Why, because if you go Windows Hardware Developer Central there is a report that stated over 80% of OEM Imaged Computers has lousier performance than a Clean Windows Installation. 

I believe this is due to OEM Crap pre-installed in the computers.

Remember to run idle task and defragment the harddisk so AFTER installing all drivers to ensure optimal performance.
If you want to do a clean install you can use the list below as a driver checklist.
Or click here for links to latest greatest driver. 

1. Intel Chipset Driver
2. Intel Rapid Storage Driver
3. Intel Management Engine
4. Nvidia Graphics Driver
5. Nvidia High Definition Audio Driver
6. Realtek High Definition Audio Driver
7. Acer Launch Manager
8. BroadCom Bluetooth Driver
9. Finger Print Driver (Available from Windows Updates)
10. SuYin/Chicony WebCam Driver
11. Conexant Modem Driver
12. Synaptics/ALP Touchpad Driver
13. Intel Management Engine Controller
14. BroadCom NetLink LAN Driver
15. Atheros/Intel Wireless Driver
16. Realtek Card Reader Driver
17. Acer Smart Power Manager & Optical Driver Power Manager

Conclusion about whats great and what sucks
What's Great:
1)This laptop although armed with the lowest end Core i3 Processor can even outmuscle any AMD Turion II Mobile Processor so you might want to reconsider buying any Turion II laptops.
It says something when you find a Turion II M 660 Flagship Processor can't beat the lowest end Intel Core i3 330M Processor. It says even more when the Turion II equiped laptop (4540G) cost more than this laptop (4740G).
2)The Audio is fantastic: Subwoofer + Bass on a 14 inch laptop (5.1 Surround Sound See Below)
You need to use MSI Audio Drivers to get the real potential. It comes with a 5 Ohm 2 Watt speaker instead of the usual 4 Ohm 2 Watt. New Realtek Driver Audio Mod for Better Sound

3)Solid hinge from older Gemstone.
4)Cheap price for a Intel/Nvidia combo laptop.
Remember Nvidia Always has better drivers than ATi on both Linux and Windows.
5)Awesome heat vent much better than previous designs.
6)Easy to access bottom panel for fast component upgrades
7)Ultra Slient Exhaust Fan even when spinning at Full Speed.

What Sucks
1)The touchpad looks silly because when you use 2 finger scroll, the etches for the Touchpad 1 Finger slide seems pointless
2)Sound is not so good maybe because the drivers have not yet been stably corrected.
3)Fingerprint Magnet Monitor bezel.
4)WebCam driver image quality not quite there, needs better drivers.

What's Controversial
1)The new 14 inch form factor has lower height but broader breath, personally I like it as this gives it a more compact look like a 13 inch which give better mobility but the total screen area is conserved.
2)Keyboard needs some getting use to (Sort of VAIO/Macbook style keyboard I am too used to the old Acer Style)
3)Battery life is around 3 hrs on the default battery but I know it is possible to buy 12 Cell Batteries on Ebay to equip this laptop.
4)RW-Everything reported this laptop can support up to 16GB after BIOS data analysis but only 2 Physical Slots are available so it should take a Max of 8GB only.

Bottomline:
I don't think anyone can find an Arrandale Based Laptop with decent Nvidia Graphics for the same price Acer placed on this laptop so yea this is it.

If you already own this laptop you might be interested in Optimizing the System Disk & Touchpad Configuration and installing OpenSUSE on AS4740

Changing the BackUp Button to open other applications (Using Zune as an Example)
Note: This will only work if you install the LauchManager from Acer Aspire 4540G.
<------------------(Start Copying after this Line)------------------>

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Compal\LManager\Settings\Buttons\Backup]
"Command"="C:\\Program Files\\Zune\\Zune.exe"
"Command Type"="1"
"Label"="Zune"
"Remote Code"="C008"
"Description"="Zune Media Player"
"Configable"="1"
<---------------------(Stop Copying Before this line)------------------------->

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Acer Aspire 3810TZ Quick Review

I got my hands on one of the new Timeline Series Laptop 3810TZ costing only 899 SGD (around 618 USD)
Firstly you should run Empowering BackUp to backup the 13GB factory image and Software driver to 3 DVDs altogether.
As you know Acer loads their laptop with useless software so I before I used it, I reloaded Vista over the factory default partition.
You can decide to destroy the 13GB Recovery Partition if you are short on Disc Space.

The full specification are as follows.

• Intel Pentium Processor SU2700 (1.3GHZ,800FSB)
• **Note the newer 3810TZ comes with a Dual Core SU4100

• Intel GMA 4500MHD(Up to 732MB shared)

• 13.3" HD LED LCD

• 2GB DDR3 Memory (Single Stick) Elpida

• 160GB HDD Seagate ST9160310AS

• Atheros AR5B93 b/g/n Wireless Network Adapter

More details:

It uses the new GS45 Intel Chipset together with a Ultra Low Voltage Processor U2700 the power savings are tremedous.

Thermal Temperatures are also very low as can be seen.

The red box is the max temperature after I stressed the CPU with Intel Burn In utility.
As you can see the temperature are extremely low thanks to the ULV Processor plus the Laminar Wall Jet Cooling.

As you can see CPUZ has yet to detect this new CPU Correctly.
The Screenshot also shows why this laptop is desirable than most Netbooks.
Firstly it has 64bit support unlike most Atoms.

VT is locked? Meaning there is a way around it? Further Investigation pending.
After investigation VT is not present on SU2700 however SU3500 supports VT as well as SU9400 .
To unlock VT a simple guide is available here

It is interesting to note the particular machine only has a single stick of RAM installed meaning upgrading is NOT problematic at all.

As you can see the low score is due to some incomplete tests like Anti-Aliasing not available on this machine.

Few things to note:

• Acer isn't lying about the 8hr operating life by tapping the shortcut button on the top right corner battery life can reach approximately 8hrs.
• No bluetooth is installed on this system but adding it is possible.
• The Processor on Paper seems pretty weak low frequency,Single Core etc, but in actual fact it will suffice for most applications.
• A clean vista install will make the entire system quicker and more responsive, there is no need to revert to Windows Xp.
• The notebook never overheats.
• It is not likely to encounter hardware issues, however problematic Acer software is a possibility although I didn't encounter both.
• The acoustics is low fan, spin hardly audible but is efficient at thermal removal.
• It is cheap and value for money.
• If you don't need Processor Power this laptop is the way to go.
• It is light and sleek. At 1.6Kg and 1" thin it is highly portable plus the design look pleasant and professional.
• Not recommended if you require a more powerful processor or you want to play games on the laptop.
• For Acer to achieve this thinness the lid was slightly compromised if you press on the lid you could see the temporary color change effect on the Monitor so just be gentle with the lid.
• The Processor is non-upgradable it is soldered to the motherboard using BGA Soldering (Ball Grid Array)

I really recommend this laptop because of the unique features it possess not found in laptops from other vendors (How many laptops do you know of that cost less than 700USD yet has 8hr battery life?).

As of yet no overclocking tools is available to "value add" the processor however in the future when more GS 45 platform based laptop appear the support might be added.

Customize the Aspire Timeline buttons
It is possible to undervolt it using RMClock and overclock using SetFSB.
For the SU 3500 and SU9400 but not the SU2700.
Acer Timeline Fan Control

0x1F for fan off.
0x1A for fan low mode.
0x1C for fan mid mode.

So far I was not able to find the high mode setting. But therefor the auto mode (0x00) is a good alternative untill the correct value is found.

Now enjoy your silent notebook!

Here are the important code lines from my "options.ini":

[Modes]
Auto=0x00
Stop=0x1F
Slow=0x1A
Medium=0x1C

[Schemes]
Auto="Auto"
Example_scheme="Stop, Slow, 40, Slow, 45, Medium, 50, Auto, 53"

Edit: Unfortunately these values are not correct for the battery mode! For Example 0x1F becomes medium mode.

Acer Aspire Timeline Tweaks
How to OverClock Acer Aspire Timeline X810
Realtek Driver Audio Mod for Better Sound

Update:
To fully utilise the touchpad please update the drivers at laptopvideo2go.
The Acer Shipped Drivers does not come with 3 finger gesture which the new Drivers at laptopvideo2go enables.

If you happen to encounter a bad BIOS/EFI flash do the following:

1. Put Flashit.exe (DOS) on a Thumbdrive
2. Rename the BIOS/EFI Image file to JM31X64.fd and put it in the thumbdrive as well
3. Plug in the thumbdrive to the powered down machine
   
4. Press and hold 3 buttons Fn + Esc + Power Button (With AC Adapter + Battery plugged in)
   
5. Release when it reads the thumbdrive.
6. After a while you should hear fan spinning furiously after it is done it should boot fine
7. All the above will work provided you didn't screw up the bootblock.
   

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